Hinge



' 5w. LLEVANS, 1R. I.

' HINGE. v APPLICATION mm own, 1919. Q

7 Patented Apr. 11, 1922.

' 44SHETS'SHEET41..

-v dlw j INVENTOR- w. L. avAug-h;

' HlNGE. I APPLICATION FILED D EC.22, 191'9.

Patented A 1 w w:

- 4 SHEETS SHEET '2.

W. L. EVANS, JR.

HINGE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC-22,1919.

1 ,4-1 2, 1 0'7. Patented Apr- 11, 1922.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

WL. E van/8J2:

INVENTOR WITNESSES w. L. EVANS, JR.

HINGE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC.22, 1919- Fill lllllllll ll l|m lllllllllllllllllllll ll llllllll Ill III/III INVENTOR WITNESSES ATTORNEY eat-re n stares WILLIAM LEWIS Evens, JR, or

HINGE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

series.

wasmnerou, INDIANA.

ear-ant Application filed December 22, 1919. Serial No. 346,454..

To all whom it may concern 7 4 Be it known that I, VVILLIAM L. bvaus,

Jr., a citizen of theUnitedStates, residing. at Washington, in the county of Daviess and.

State of Indiana, have invented a new and useful Hinge, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a hinge of the multiple pivot lever type, designed particularly for use with thedooi's-of garages and other structures, for causing thedoors to' vanish within the garage when opened; The

invention is an improvement upon the con struction shown, described and claimed in my Patent Number 1,367,954, dated Feb. 8,1921. v

V The object of the present invention is to provide a novel hingewliich, when. applied to the doors of a garage, will permit the.

doorsto close in either oneof two .difierent closed positions, an outer closed position and an inner closed. position, the doors being moved to the inner closed posit-ion after the automobile is driven out, and shifted to the outer closed position when the machine is within. the garage. Bythisconstruction, it

is possible to make use of a much shorter garage than is customary with theordinai'y swinging doors. v

A further. ob ect of theinvention is the provision of a hinge which will permitthe doors to vanish within the garage when opened, .\Vlll0ll doorswill be unaffected by the wind, and which ;will not require any locking arrangement to. hold them in their open position.

A further object of the invention is to provide a hingewhich will prevent the door from sagging; will work without-noise, and with little effort. 1

In the aforesaid patent, I havedisclosed vahinge for connecting amovable member, such as a door,'to a stationarymembensuch.

as a booth or other, compartment,-said hinge comprising two pairsofarms, each pair'being located respectively. at the top andbot tomofthe door, the pair at the :top'being;

pivoted to the insidefaceof-the door' and tothe' top of the compartment, and-the pair at the bottom-to the inside face of the .door and the bottom of the compartment. The pivots on the door and on' the compartment elements, ment, and describes the path? of approxiinately half anellipsefrom the outer closed position by a conposition to the 'i'nnerclosed tinuous motion, and'when the door is open, 1t occupies position at right angles to the Patented Apr.i11,.122.

on the door at opposite sides of'the vertical center-of the door,

7 are spaced apart, with the space between the a door greater than'the space the vertical side? edges of the door. By this disposition of the,

the door hasilIl-EllljPiT-lCfll. movctwo closed positions,- and may be moved to either of said positions.

Theinvention willbe best understood from Q scription taken in connection with the ac a consideration of the-following detailed decompanying drawings forming part of this spec fication, with the understanding,- how ever, that the invention is not confined toiany strict conformity withv the showingiof the appended claims.

In the drawings: 7

features of the invention as expressed intlie e0 drawings, but niay be changed and modifiecl, so long assuch changes and modifications mark no material departure from the-salient Figure 1 represents the frontview of garage showing my improved hinge applied to the doors thereofyone'of the doors being shown iirits open position and the other door in the'inner closedposition.

Figure 2 is a plan view showing'the doors in their outer closed position, with the adj a,-

cent part of the garage indicated in section;

' closing the Figure3 is a SLIIIlla-I' 'VT LGW IlIS ooors in their inner'closed-position Figure. 4 is a similar view disclosingthe doors in their open position;

. Figurej5 is aniele'vation showing one of' t'he hinge arms; with the socket plates or gmein-.

bers by which it is mounted in position Figure 6 sia planrview of the same Figure 7 is a view -.on asomewhat larger,"

' scale disclosing by full and dotted lines theprogressive movement of one of the doors from its open position to its closed position.

Like reference characters indicate corresponding parts in the several figures of the drawing.

Referring to the drawing, 1 designates a garage of any approved construction, and 2 the doors thereof. It is customary in garages to have double doors, and I have disclosed the ordinary construction in the drawing, but I wish it understood that the invention is as fully exemplified in a single door garage, as in one with double doors.

At the front opening or the entrance to the garage, the part usually designated as a jamb, marked 3, is constructed in a somewhat peculiar manner. Instead of having a single abutment or stop for the door, it has two abutments or stops, designated, respec tively, 4c and 5. These abutments or stops de fine or limit the inner and. outer closed positions of the door. Instead of forming these abutments or stops as parts of the jamb, they may be constructed separately therefrom, or in any desired manner, the only essential feature being that there should be both an inner and an outer closed position for the'door, and that such closed positions should be defined or limited.

Each door is provided with a pair of socket plates or members 6-6, shown clearly in Figure 5 of the drawings. These socket plates or members are secured by screws, or other fastening means, to the in side face of the door. These socket members or plates have sockets or holes extending from the bottom nearly to the top, as shown. They are located on the door at opposite sides of the vertical center thereof. and at equal distances from said center and also at equal distances from the'vertioal side edges of the door. This disposition of the socket memhers is essential in order to secure the results hereinafter pointed out.

Mounted on the floor of the garage are a second pair of socket members or floor plates 7-7, which, as indicated in Fig. 5, are located beneath the floor, so as not to obstruct the passage of the machine into and out of the garage. Said socket members or floor plates have sockets or holes extending from the top downwardly nearly to the bottom. It will be noted from reference to Figs. 2, 3, 4t and 7 of the drawings, that the socket members 7 are arranged on the floor in a straight line which extends at right angles to the entrance of the garage, or at right angles to the closed position of the door being spaced apart at different distances from the entrance of the garage, and they do not e2 tend beyond either of the abutments a and 5, respectively. In other words, the space between the abutments is greater than the space between the floor plates. This arrangement of the socket members or floor plates is another essential feature of the present invention.

Mounted in the socket plates or members 6 and the socket members or floor plates 7, are a pair of hinge arms which are of equal length, as shown. These arms have upturned vertically disposed ends 9 to fit and turn in the sockets of the socket members or door plates 6, and downturned vertically disposed ends 10 to fit and turn in the sockets of the floor plates 7, being caused to turn in said sockets as the door is moved from one position to another.

The space separating the socket members or plates 7 on the compartment or garage is less than the space separating the socket members or plates 6 on the door. By virtue of this, the arms 8 are never parallel at any period of their movement.

The construction of the hinge arms 8, the socket members or door plates 6, and the frontplates 7, is not materially different from what is shown in my aforesaid patent, and no claim is made herein for the specific construction of said elements.

It should be explained that the hinge arms with their socket members 6, 7, are duplicated at the top and bottom of each door, and this arrangement is disclosed in the drawing. With the construction as hereinbefore described, the operation will be readily understood.

As previously stated, the doors are capable of being closed in anyone of two positions, the outer position with the doors against the abutments l, and the inner position with the doors abutting the stops 5.

The two closed positions of the door are.

shown in Figs. 2 and 3, respectively, Fig. 2 showing the doors in their outer position, and Fig. 3 illustrating the doors in their inner position. The advantages of this construction will be manifest. When the doors are in the position shown in Fig. 3, the car may be driven up close to the doors, and then the doors are caused to open inwardly to the position shown in Fig. 4, to allow the car to enter the garage. After the car is in place in the garage, the doors are then closed to the position shown-in Fig. 2, with the rear of the car close to the doors. This is a great convenience, for it allows the use of a much shorter garage than could be used with doors swinging in, if hung on ordinary hinges, for in such event the car would have to be driven far enough in so that the doors vould have room to close. In taking the car from the garage, the operation is re versed, the doors being moved from the position shown in 'Fig. 2 to the position disclosed in Fig. 4;, and after the car has been driven out of the garage, it can be left standingclose to the building and the doors closed to the position shown in Fig.

The movement of the door from one posidotted lines 0,

tionto another is'shown in Fig. 7 of the drawings, wherein-the full anddottedlines illustrate the progressive movement. The dotted line a shows one of the doors in its 5 open position. Inmoving to the position shown in full lines 6, the door turnsonthe door and floor p vots ofithehmge arms, both arms moving practically together. When t-he door reaches the positionv shown. by the door is turning on the outer or door pivot'ot' the inner arm, and the inner or floor pivot'of the outer'arm. At this time, the inner arm remains substantiallystationary, and, in moving from the position indicated by the dotted lines 0' to the closed position of the door indicated by dotted lines cl, the door turns wholly on the outer pivot 0.1"? the inner inner pivot of the outer arm.

In moving from the inner closedposition of the door to the open position, the reverse operation is followed. In moving the door from the open position to the outer closed arm and the position, substantially the same movements indicated in full and dotted lines, Fig. 7,

take place, for there is no difference in-th movement of the door in changing from the open position to the-outer the inner position.

In moving the door from one closed posi tion to another, the door is given a continuous motion. making a movement of ap-. proximately half an ellipse, the door reachinsthe open L plete movement.

It will be observed from Figs. 2 and 3 that the outside of the door in the position shown in Fig. 2 becomes the inside of the door in the position shown in Fig. 3;

position half way of its c0m- As shown by F igs. 2, 3, 4;, and 7, when the door is opened, it can be closed'to either of its closed positions, depending upon whether the car is inside or outside of the garage.

So far as I am aware, I believe that I am the first to provide a door for-garages or other compartments or structures, which is adapted to be closed in two different closed positions, one an outer position and the other an inner position, and at the same time the door may be swungcompletely open substantially "parallel with the side of thegarage or compartment. 'This arrangement provides an ideal constructionfo'r ga-- rages, 'orwherever there area number of doors' which it is desired to swing in alimited space. In build ng garages, provision must always be made for room for thedoor to swing. 'By this construction, no such. provisionis necessaryfor, as shown in Fig. of the-'drawings,-the swinging movement'- of the door is prescribed.

When the doors are openthe position shown in- Fig. 4,- they are absolutely unaffected by the wind, and do not require hinge arms.

position or to any tlm ents1.onlocking devices to lloldtliem open Another desirable. feature isthat the door fastened to. each-side is supported by hinges of the. center. and i therefore, the .door cannot sag. f .Moreover, the 1novement of the door is noiseless, and. may lie-effected with; the expenditure of littleefi'orti Tosecure the results herein claimed,

1. In aihinge ofthecharacter--described,

thecombination witha stationary member and a movable member,-of ahinge forfthe movable member comprising apair of arms, 7

;P1VOt1Hg said: arms to thestatlonary and movable members respec and means for tively, said pivots being spaced apart, the pivots connecting the arnisto .the movable member being located at oppositesides of the vertical center thereof andeachpivot be ing spaced substantially the same distance fromsaid centerand also substantially equal distance from the respective side edgeof the movable member. 1

2. In. a :hinge of thejcharacter described,

the'combination with a stationary member and a, movable. member, of a hingefor the 1 movable member comprising apairof arms, and means for pivoting said arms to the stationary and'movable members respectively, said pivotsbeing spaced pivots connecting the" arms to the movable member being located atopposite sides of: equallyspaced from-"said center a'nd 'also equally of the movable f membenand'the pivots' connectingithe arms 7 the vertical center thereof and spaced from the side edges to the stationary member being located T at different distances from the movable mem-f V ber when closed', a line;intersectingsaidv pivots on the stationary inember' being' Sub} stantially a-t'right anglesito the closed p'osi'-' p s 12 5' r tion of the mov ble member.

The comb na-tion with a compartment fhaving abutments or-stops, one 3 located at-theentrance to-said compartmentand the other is spaced inwardly from said 7 'ent-"rance, of atloor member, and means fo i '1'3o apart, the

it. is necessary .that. the. hinges on the doors should be placed on} each side of the vertical center, and that each hinge should be thesame; distance: from theyside edges of the door and the same distancefrom said center.-

described the invention, .1

as F:

of i h. is.

mounting said door member so that it may be closed against either of said stops which define the inner and outer closed positions of the door. I

a. The combination with a compartment having abutments or stops, one of which is located at the entrance to said compartment and the other is spaced inwardly from said entrance, of a door member, and means for hingedly mounting said door member so that it may be swung in an elliptical path from one of said abutments or stops to the other, said abutments or stops defining the inner and outer closed positions of the door, one of the side edges of the door member engaging with one of the said abutments or stops in one of said closed positions, while the opposite side edge engages with the other abutment or stop the second closed position.

5. The combination with a compartment having abutments or stops, one of which is located at the entrance to the compartment and the other is spaced inwardly from said entrance, of a door member, and means for hingedly mounting said door member for swinging around so that one or the other of its edges will cooperate with one or the other of said abutments respectively, said abutments or stops defining the inner and outer closed positions of the door, and said door when at one-half of its movement being open.

6. A. garage, compartment or other structure having a door for closing an opening therein, and means for hingedly mounting the door in position so that it may be moved to close the opening in any one of two closed positions, and may assume an open position at right angles to said closed positions and substantially parallel with and close to the side wall of the garage or compartment, one of said closed positions being spaced i11- wardly tromthe other, and said closed positions of the door being substantially parallel with each other.

T. In a garage, compartment, or other structure, a door and means for mounting said door so that it may be moved from an open position substantially parallel with the side walls of the garage or oompartment, to either one of two closed positions, substantially at right angles to said side walls, said mounting means causing said door to describe substantially a semi-ellipse in moving from one closed position to an other, and substantially a quarter ellipse when moving from the open position to either one of the two closed positions.

8. In a garage, compartment, or other structure, a door, in combination with means for mounting the door, so that it may be moved from an open position substantially parallel with the side walls of the compartment or garage to either one of two closed the door on opposite sides of its vertical center, whereby the door may be swung in a semi-elliptical path from one closed position to another, the abutments or stops defining the closed positions of the door.

10. The combination with a relatively sta tionary structure having an entrance, of a door movable from one closed position to {at other closed position, or to an intermediate open position, floor plates located in line with each other at different distances from said entrance, the line intersecting said floor plates being substantially at right angles to the closed position of the door, abutments delining the inner and outer closed positions oi the door and located outside the line of the floor plates, socket members provided on the door at opposite sides of its vertical center and at equal distances from said vertical center and also equally spaced from the side edges of the door, and hinge 'arms mounted in the floor plates and socket members, whereby the door member may be given a substantially elliptical movement in shift ing from one closed position to another and may be stopped intermediately of said two positions and assume an open position.

11. The combination with a relatively stationary structure having an entrance of door movable from one closed position to another closed position, or to an intermediate open position, fioor plates located at different distances from said entrance, abutments defining the inner and outer closed positions of the door and spacedapart greater than the space separating the floor plates, socket members provided on the door, and hinge arms mounted in the floor plates and socket members, whereby the door members may be given substantially a semielliptical movement in shifting from one closed position to another and may be stopped intermediately of said two positions and assume an open position.

y 12. A garage, compartment or similar structure having a door for closing an en trance thereto, and means for hingedly mounting said door in position, said means including a pair of hinge elements, said elements being so mounted upon the door and said structure so that the door may be moved to close said entrance in any one of two closed positions, one of said closed positure in the presence oftwo Witnesses. tions belng spaced inwardly from the other,

said door being also movable to assume an WILLIAM 5 open position at a substantially right angle 7 Witnesses:

to said closed position. (1K. MoWILLIAMS,

In testimony, that I claim the foregoing lVM Gno. HEFFERNAN.

as my own, I have hereto afiixed my signa- 

